缓存适配器
CodeIgniter提供了多种目前业界流行的快速动态缓存组件的封装类。除了基于纯文本的缓存(文件缓存)外,其他缓存组件均需对服务器环境进行正确配置才能使用,否则程序会抛出致命异常(Fatal Exception)错误。
目录
支持的缓存适配器
用法举例
下面这个例子:首先加载缓存适配器,然后指定 APC 作为适配器优先使用的缓存实现,同时,我们指定文本缓存作为替代方案。这样,在一些服务器不支持APC的情况下(如国内的虚拟主机),我们可以使用替代方案保证程序正常运行。
$this->load->driver('cache', array('adapter' => 'apc', 'backup' => 'file'));
if ( ! $foo = $this->cache->get('foo'))
{
echo 'Saving to the cache!<br />';
$foo = 'foobarbaz!';
// Save into the cache for 5 minutes
$this->cache->save('foo', $foo, 300);
}
echo $foo;
译者注:为了便于理解上面的代码,我们不妨举个例子。缓存适配器,我们可以理解为一个“通电的插座”;而APC缓存,相当于我们希望插在插座上使用的空调;文本缓存我们可以理解与空调功能相同但效率却完全不同的电风扇。
Function Reference
is_supported(driver['string'])
如果你通过 $this->cache->get() 来访问缓存适配器,此函数将自动触发。但是,如果你希望有针对性的使用某个具体的缓存实现(如下例中的 APC),请确保调用此函数,用来检查服务器环境是否支持这种缓存类型。
if ($this->cache->apc->is_supported())
{
if ($data = $this->cache->apc->get('my_cache'))
{
// do things.
}
}
get(id['string'])
此函数将尝试从缓存系统中获取指定的缓存项。如果缓存不存在,则返回 FALSE。
$foo = $this->cache->get('my_cached_item');
save(id['string'], data['mixed'], ttl['int'])
此函数尝试将一个缓存项存储到对应的缓存系统中。如果存储失败,则返回FALSE。
第三个参数(可选项)指定了缓存的存活时间,默认为60秒。
$this->cache->save('cache_item_id', 'data_to_cache');
delete(id['string'])
此函数尝试从缓存系统中删除某个指定的缓存项。如果删除失败,则返回FALSE。
$this->cache->delete('cache_item_id');
clean()
此函数用来清空所有缓存。如果清空失败,则返回 FALSE.
$this->cache->clean();
cache_info()
此函数将返回所有缓存信息.
var_dump($this->cache->cache_info());
get_metadata(id['string'])
此函数将返回缓存系统中指定缓存项的详细信息。
var_dump($this->cache->get_metadata('my_cached_item'));
Drivers
Alternative PHP Cache (APC) Caching
All of the functions listed above can be accessed without passing a specific adapter to the driver loader as follows:
$this->load->driver('cache');
$this->cache->apc->save('foo', 'bar', 10);
For more information on APC, please see http://php.net/apc
File-based Caching
Unlike caching from the Output Class, the driver file-based caching allows for pieces of view files to be cached. Use this with care, and make sure to benchmark your application, as a point can come where disk I/O will negate positive gains by caching.
All of the functions listed above can be accessed without passing a specific adapter to the driver loader as follows:
$this->load->driver('cache');
$this->cache->file->save('foo', 'bar', 10);
Memcached Caching
Multiple Memcached servers can be specified in the memcached.php configuration file, located in the application/config/ directory.
All of the functions listed above can be accessed without passing a specific adapter to the driver loader as follows:
$this->load->driver('cache');
$this->cache->memcached->save('foo', 'bar', 10);
For more information on Memcached, please see http://php.net/memcached
Dummy Cache
This is a caching backend that will always 'miss.' It stores no data, but lets you keep your caching code in place in environments that don't support your chosen cache.