目录处理命令 : ls

所在路径 /bin/ls

执行权限：所有用户

 

[root@localhost ~]# ls
anaconda-ks.cfg  install.log.syslog  VMwareTools-9.6.2-1688356.tar.gz
Desktop          test2.txt           vmware-tools-distrib
install.log      test.txt
[root@localhost ~]# ls -alh
总计 59M
drwxr-x--- 19 root root 4.0K 11-30 20:33 .
drwxr-xr-x 24 root root 4.0K 11-30 19:11 ..
-rw-------  1 root root 1.3K 11-30 20:59 anaconda-ks.cfg
-rw-------  1 root root 4.8K 11-30 20:33 .bash_history
-rw-r--r--  1 root root   24 2006-07-13 .bash_logout
-rw-r--r--  1 root root  191 11-30 19:25 .bash_profile
-rw-r--r--  1 root root  176 2006-07-13 .bashrc
drwx------  2 root root 4.0K 11-30 21:42 .chewing
drwx------  3 root root 4.0K 11-30 17:50 .config
-rw-r--r--  1 root root  100 2006-07-13 .cshrc
drwxr-xr-x  3 root root 4.0K 11-30 13:52 Desktop
-rw-------  1 root root   26 11-30 21:42 .dmrc
drwxr-x---  2 root root 4.0K 11-30 21:43 .eggcups
drwx------  4 root root 4.0K 11-30 19:15 .gconf
drwx------  2 root root 4.0K 12-01 12:11 .gconfd
drwxr-xr-x  3 root root 4.0K 11-30 21:42 .gnome
drwx------  6 root root 4.0K 11-30 21:42 .gnome2
drwx------  2 root root 4.0K 11-30 21:42 .gnome2_private
drwxr-xr-x  2 root root 4.0K 11-30 21:43 .gstreamer-0.10
-rw-r--r--  1 root root   81 11-30 21:42 .gtkrc-1.2-gnome2
-rw-------  1 root root  567 11-30 19:15 .ICEauthority
-rw-r--r--  1 root root  27K 11-30 20:58 install.log
-rw-r--r--  1 root root 3.6K 11-30 20:57 install.log.syslog
drwx------  3 root root 4.0K 11-30 21:43 .metacity
drwx------  4 root root 4.0K 11-30 13:52 .mozilla
-rw-------  1 root root   40 11-30 20:20 .mysql_history
drwxr-xr-x  3 root root 4.0K 11-30 21:42 .nautilus
drwxr-xr-x  3 root root 4.0K 11-30 21:42 .redhat
drwx------  4 root root 4.0K 11-30 13:49 .scim
-rw-r--r--  1 root root  129 2006-07-13 .tcshrc
-rw-r--r--  1 root root 4.2K 11-30 20:27 test2.txt
-rw-r--r--  1 root root  16K 11-30 20:27 .test2.txt.swp
-rw-r--r--  1 root root  779 11-30 16:28 test.txt
drwx------  2 root root 4.0K 11-30 21:43 .Trash
-rw-------  1 root root 5.4K 11-30 20:33 .viminfo
-r--r--r--  1 root root  59M 11-30 21:44 VMwareTools-9.6.2-1688356.tar.gz
drwxr-xr-x  7 root root 4.0K 2014-03-22 vmware-tools-distrib
-rw-r--r--  1 root root 9.6K 11-30 20:33 .xsession-errors
[root@localhost ~]# ls -i
425993 anaconda-ks.cfg     426072 test2.txt
426023 Desktop             426065 test.txt
425986 install.log         426054 VMwareTools-9.6.2-1688356.tar.gz
425987 install.log.syslog  458753 vmware-tools-distrib

命令名称： mkdir

 

所在路径：/bin/mkdir

权限：所有用户

 

[root@localhost ~]# mkdir /tmp/china/test
mkdir: 无法创建目录 “/tmp/china/test”: 没有那个文件或目录
[root@localhost ~]# mkdir -p /tmp/china/test

命令名称：cd

 

所在路径：shell 内置命令

执行权限：所有用户

命令名称：pwd

所在路径：/bin/pwd

执行权限：所有用户

 

mkdir: 无法创建目录 “/tmp/china/test”: 没有那个文件或目录
[root@localhost ~]# mkdir -p /tmp/china/test
[root@localhost ~]# 
[root@localhost ~]# cd /tmp/china/test
[root@localhost test]# pwd
/tmp/china/test
[root@localhost test]# cd ..
[root@localhost china]# 

 

命令名称：rmdir (删除空目录)

所在路径：/bin/rmdir

 

[root@localhost china]# rmdir /tmp/china/test
[root@localhost china]# cd /tmp
[root@localhost tmp]# ll
总计 48
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 12-01 13:05 china
drwx------ 3 root root 4096 11-30 19:15 gconfd-root
drwx------ 2 root root 4096 11-30 19:15 keyring-n4KWUI
srwxr-xr-x 1 root root    0 11-30 19:15 mapping-root
drwx------ 2 root root 4096 12-01 12:10 orbit-root
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root    5 12-01 13:00 scim-bridge-0.3.0.lockfile-0@localhost:0.0
srwxr-xr-x 1 root root    0 11-30 20:10 scim-bridge-0.3.0.socket-0@localhost:0.0
srw------- 1 root root    0 11-30 19:16 scim-helper-manager-socket-root
srw------- 1 root root    0 11-30 19:16 scim-panel-socket:0-root
srw------- 1 root root    0 11-30 19:15 scim-socket-frontend-root
drwx------ 2 root root 4096 11-30 19:15 ssh-mibWGs4219
drwx------ 2 root root 4096 11-30 19:15 virtual-root.tyft1a
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 11-30 21:48 vmware-config0
drwxrwxrwt 4 root root 4096 11-30 18:13 VMwareDnD
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 11-30 19:13 vmware-root
drwx------ 2 root root 4096 11-30 19:15 vmware-root-2083992326
[root@localhost tmp]# rmdir /tmp
rmdir: /tmp: 目录非空

命令名称：cp

 

所在路径：/bin/cp

权限：所有用户

 

[root@localhost tmp]# cp -pr /tmp/test /root # 复制目录 需要参数r 保持原有属性需要参数 p
[root@localhost tmp]# 

命令名称：mv 剪切和改名 不需要参数-r -p

 

所在路径:/bin/mv

执行权限：所有用户

 

[root@localhost ~]# mv install.log install3.log
[root@localhost ~]# ll
总计 59964
-rw------- 1 root root     1265 11-30 20:59 anaconda-ks.cfg
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root     4096 11-30 13:52 Desktop
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root    27265 11-30 20:58 install3.log
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root     3671 11-30 20:57 install.log.syslog
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root     4096 12-01 13:09 test
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root     4207 11-30 20:27 test2.txt
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root      779 11-30 16:28 test.txt
-r--r--r-- 1 root root 61260572 11-30 21:44 VMwareTools-9.6.2-1688356.tar.gz
drwxr-xr-x 7 root root     4096 2014-03-22 vmware-tools-distrib
[root@localhost ~]# 

目录名称：rm

 

所在路径：/bin/rm

执行权限：所有用户

 

[root@localhost tmp]# mkdir temp
[root@localhost tmp]# cd 
[root@localhost ~]# cp /etc/grub.conf /tmp/temp
[root@localhost ~]# rm -f /tmp/temp/grub.conf 
[root@localhost ~]# rm /tmp/temp
rm: 无法删除目录“/tmp/temp”: 是一个目录
[root@localhost ~]# rm -r  /tmp/temp
rm：是否删除 目录 “/tmp/temp”? y